View Answer, 4. A conductive target is required, but a ground connection to the measuring system is not necessary. We know very well that self inductance of a coil is given byWhere,N = number of turns.R = reluctance of the magnetic circuit. b) False By the variation in self-inductances and coupling coefficient b. Electrical4U is dedicated to the teaching and sharing of all things related to electrical and electronics engineering. b) permittivity The circuit diagram of inductive transducer, which is used to measure displacement is shown in below figure. b) inversely proportional Inductive distance sensors (AlphaProx) are based on the same measuring principle as inductive proximity switches. L … For example, LVDT, a kind of inductive transducers, measures displacement in terms of voltage difference between its two secondary voltages. For the time being let’s focus on the basic introduction of inductive transducers. Hence, a small variation in the air gap results in a measurable change in inductance. Since it is an electromagnetic device, so it also gets affected by the vibrations and temperature variation. In Inductive transducers, the basic principle is that self-inductance of a single coil or the mutual inductance between two coils is changed by a quantity to be measured i.e. LVDT sensors are installed parallel to the absorber cylinders and measure their travel range continuously. Inductive & Displacement Transducers - MCQs with answers 1. measurand. Inductive transducer is used for the measurement of physical quantities. We use here two coils for the sake of understanding. The transformer present in above circuit has a primary winding and two secondary windings. The linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) (also called linear variable displacement transformer, linear variable displacement transducer, or simply differential transformer) is a type of electrical transformer used for measuring linear displacement (position). Here, the ending points of two secondary windings are joined together. Measurement of Displacement using Inductive Transducer. Where, μ = effective permeability of the medium in and around the coil. Just as the resistance of the electric conductor depends on number of factors, the induction of the magnetic material depends on a number of variables like the number of turns of the coil on the material, the size of the magnetic material, and the permeability of the flux path. Inductive and LVDT sensors for displacement, distance and position ... Inductive gaging sensors measure the geometry of work-pieces in quality assurance and production. View Answer, 2. Participate in the Sanfoundry Certification contest to get free Certificate of Merit. a) True You measure this using a voltmeter with the black test lead on 0V (common) and the red test lead on the BK (output) of the sensor and the meter set to measure DC Voltage. Once the pressure releases, the strain gauge gets back to its original form. Hence an extra setup is required to protect it from Stray Magnetic Field. Slide-wire resistor . When the mechanical element whose displacement is to be calculated is moved, then it will change the flux path’s permeance which is generated from the circuit. d) M = $$\sqrt{L_1 L_2}$$ Application of LVDT: © 2011-2020 Sanfoundry. The variation of resistance ‘R’ with temperature ‘T’ can be presented as: R=R0 (1+α1T+α2T2+…) A counterpart to this device that is used for measuring rotary displacement is called a rotary variable differential transformer It is a passive transducer which required external source of supply to function. b) L = 1⁄S Resistance strain gauge . b) False Inductive sensor mainly includes an induction loop which is enough for detecting electromagnetic. Usually, the measurand could be a rotary or linear displacement, force, … d) self-inductance the following formula for inductance, L of an inductor. The magnitude of variation corresponds to the intensity of the pressure. With the change in distance in displacement coefficient of coupling changes and it causes the change in mutual inductance. The inductive transducers work on the principle of the magnetic induction of magnetic material. The transducer which does not requires any external excitation to provide their outputs are referred as active transducer. a) L = N⁄S Mounting of inductive displacement transducers for Steam Pipe Monitoring (Position measurement of the pipeline) The measuring ranges of the inductive displacement transducers are between 50 … Since LVDT is Inductive Transducer, so it is sensitive to Stray Magnetic Field. This paper presents the first Soft Inductive Tactile Sensor (SITS) which exploits an inductance-transducer mechanism based on the eddy-current effect.  It is also known as Linear Variable Differential Transducer. We know that when a conducting plate is placed near a coil carrying alternating current, a circulating current is induced in the plate called “EDDY CURRENT”. Inductive transducers work on the principle of inductance change due to any appreciable change in the quantity to be measured i.e. If the sensor is a Normally Open (NO) NPN-type sensor, the output will go from the supply voltage to nearly 0V DC. To practice all areas of Electrical Measurements, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers. They cannot measure static pressure, instead, they measure pressure variances in real-time. contamination and surface finish variations of the target. A metal object penetrating this area will change the field depending on object distance, material and size. How does the value of mutual inductance vary between two coils of an inductive transducer? Differential transformer CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSDUCERS A transducer may be classified based upon: 1. Inductive Transducer A passive transducer is said to be an inductive transducer, when it produces the variation (change) in inductance value. c) capacitance Hence inductive transducers use one of the following principles for its working.  It converts translational or linear displacement into electrical voltage. - Sure Controls Strain gauge (resistive transducer) A strain gauge is a passive transducer which uses electrical resistance variation in wires to sense the strain produced by a force on the wire. 1. The resistive transducer is used for measuring the physical quantities like temperature, displacement, vibration etc. Inductive transducers find application in proximity sensors which are used for position measurement, dynamic motion measurement, touch pads etc. There are mainly three types of electrical pressure transducers – inductive, resistive, and capacitive. 3. Thus mutual inductance can be changed by varying self inductance or by varying coefficient of coupling, K. The methods of changing self inductance we already discussed. b) M = k$$\sqrt{L_1}$$ Eg: Photovoltaic cell Passive Transducer The transducer which requires an external excitation to provide their output is referred as passive transducer. c) M = k$$\sqrt{L_2}$$ Ex:-Resistive,inductive and capacitive transducers -An inverse transducer is defined as a device which converts an electrical quantity into a … What is the relation between the self-inductance and the reluctance of a coil? The inductive type consists of a Linear Voltage Differential Transformer (LVDT) where core is positioned by the pressure through a diaphragm or a bellows element as shown in the figure below.. Join our social networks below and stay updated with latest contests, videos, internships and jobs! a) 5 c) plank’s constant d) rydberg constant Full disclaimer here. Reluctance of a coil is given by which of the following relation? The change in resistance is measured by the ac or dc measuring devices. LVDT will be explained in another article in more detail. •Can measure both static and dynamic changes. For the sake of understanding we can say that if the displacement is to be measured by the inductive transducers, it should change any of the above parameter for causing in the change in self inductance. This property is used for the measurement of temperature and each transducer is called Resistive Thermometer and falls in the category of electrical resistive transducer. a) self-inductance Mutual inductance between these two coils is given by. Measurement of Power & Related Parameters, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers, Prev - Electrical Measurements Questions and Answers – Pressure Sensor, Next - Electrical Measurements Questions and Answers – Capacitive Transducer, Electrical Measurements Questions and Answers – Pressure Sensor, Electrical Measurements Questions and Answers – Capacitive Transducer, Mechanical Behaviour & Testing of Materials Questions and Answers, Instrumentation Transducers Questions and Answers, Electrical & Electronics Engineering Questions and Answers, Electrical Engineering Questions and Answers, Design of Electrical Machines Questions and Answers, Electrical Machines Questions and Answers, Electrical Measurements Questions and Answers, Basic Electrical Engineering Questions and Answers, Basic Electrical Engineering Questions and Answers – Energy Stored in an Inductor, Basic Electrical Engineering Questions and Answers – Alternating Current in a Resistive & Inductive Circuit, Instrumentation Transducers Questions and Answers – Inductive Transducers, Basic Electrical Engineering Questions and Answers – Inductance in Terms of Flux Linkages Per Ampere, Electrical Measurements Questions and Answers – Shunts and Multipliers, Electrical Measurements Questions and Answers – Advanced Problems on Measurement of Inductance using AC Bridges, Electrical Measurements Questions and Answers – Low Power Factor Wattmeter, Electrical Measurements Questions and Answers – Qmeter, Electrical Measurements Questions and Answers – Classification of Transducers. Anyway, LVDT is discussed here briefly to explain the principle of inductive transducer. Both coils have their self-inductance as well. c) S = a⁄μA It can be found in a various range of values. a) reluctance Definition: The transducer whose resistance varies because of the environmental effects such type of transducer is known as the resistive transducer. Capacitive displacement sensors "are non-contact devices capable of high-resolution measurement of the position and/or change of position of any conductive target". This can be done by changing the flux with the help of measured and this changing flux obviously changes the inductance and this inductance change can be calibrated in terms of measured. Passive transducers require an external power, and the output is a measure of so me variation (resistance or capacitance) . a) M = k$$\sqrt{L_1 L_2}$$ An inductive transducer measures the variation in ________ a) directly proportional Now first our motive is to find how the inductive transducers can be made to work. b) 10 Based on self-inductance of a coil, how many types of inductive transducers are available? View Answer, 6. View Answer, 10. The working of these sensors can be done by generating an oscillating electromagnetic field which is formed by a magnetic object when it is in motion. Thus the movement of the plate can be calibrated in terms of inductance change to measure the quantity like displacement. The stimulus being measured- Based on application. Nearer the plate is to the coil, higher will be eddy current and higher is the reduction in inductance and vice versa. A capacitor has two terminals and acts as a passive element. All Rights Reserved. View Answer, 7. Here transducers, which work on change of mutual inductance principle, use multiple coils. (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs): Basics, Types & Applications, Diode: Definition, Symbol, and Types of Diodes, Thermistor: Definition, Uses & How They Work, Half Wave Rectifier Circuit Diagram & Working Principle, Lenz’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction: Definition & Formula. d) permittivity of air Where,G = A/l and called the geometric form factor.A = area of cross-section of the coil.l = length of the coil. This change in mutual inductance can be calibrated with the displacement and measurement can be done. Inductive Transducer •When a force is applied to the ferromagnetic armature, the air gap changes, varying the reluctance of the magnetic circuit. c) no relation c) L = N2⁄S Also we know that reluctance R is given by. Resistive transducers. Now coefficient of coupling depends on the distance and orientation between two coils. In the inductive transducers the magnetic materials are used in the flux … b) resistance For example, LVDT, a kind of inductive transducers, measures displacement in terms of voltage difference between its two secondary voltages. SITSs measure the inductance variation caused by changes in AC magnetic field coupling between coils and conductive films. This principle is used in such type of inductive transducers. In an eddy current transducer output depends on the variation in the eddy current. Enter your email below to receive FREE informative articles on Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SCADA System: What is it? a) True Secondary voltages are nothing but the result of induction due to the flux change in the secondary coil with the displacement of the iron bar. It modifies the inductance of the circuitas well as the equivalent output. Thus inductance of coil varied with the variation of distance between coil and plate. d) S = 1⁄μA In this type of inductive transducer, a simple single coil is used as the transducer. b) self-inductance and coefficient of coupling Inductive transducers work on the principle of inductance change due to any appreciable change in the quantity to be measured i.e. d) constant b) S = 1⁄μ Captive Armatures: These mechanisms are better for long working ranges. a) S = 1⁄A For low-pressure measurements generally, resistance type (load cell) type transducer is used otherwise we use the inductive type in which core moves inside the coil proportional to … One end of the capacitor terminal stores positive energy and the other terminal stores negative energy. c) 4 Mutual inductance depends on _________ This set of Electrical Measurements & Measuring Instruments Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Inductive Transducer”. View Answer, 8. Linear Inductive Position Sensors are durable and provide high accuracy measurements for demanding hydraulic or pneumatic position feedback applications. Actually what happens? Inductive sensors measure inductance variations caused by movement of a flux-concentrating element. 2. a) permeability Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Electrical Measurements. Transducers and Inverse Transducers- -A Transducer can be broadly defined as a device which converts a non-electrical quantity into an electrical quantity. Therefore, directly it provides the parameter’s valve to … c) coefficient of coupling Inductive Eddy Current: Inductive eddy current sensors operate by generating a high frequency electro-magnetic field about the sensor coil which induces eddy currents in a target material. Thus for the measurement of displacement we can fix one coil and make other movable which moves with the source whose displacement is to be measured. LD400:Miniature DC Output Displacement Transducers with Acetal Bearings LVDT Sensors - determine whether you need to measure a relative current: C-in, AC-out, DC-in, DC-out; or measuring resonant frequencies of coils as a function of coil position, frequency based devices. A basic inductive sensor consists of a magnetic circuit made from a ferromagnetic core with a coil wound on it. Capacitive transducers. We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. They generate a high-frequency electromagnetic field near the sensing face. Mutual inductance between two coils is given as _________ View Answer, 5. Particularly inductive transducer is used for the detection of type of metal, finding missing parts or counting the number of objects. d) L = N2 The capacitor has two plates made of conductor with a dielectric medium placed between the plates. Capacitor begins charging when electrica… •Applied force is measure as change of inductance in the coil. So let’s denote their self-inductance by L1 and L2. The circuit o/p can be directly adjusted against the input value. They are also able to measure the thickness or density of non-conductive materials. Definition: Capacitive Transducer is a device which changes its capacitance with change in the physical phenomena to be measured. ... Capacitive sensors are also commonly used to measure pressure. 2. How Do Inductive Pressure Transducers Work? Eg: 1. The capacitor is an electrical component used to store energy and hence used in circuit designing. View Answer, 3. View Answer. They store electrons. ... Pressure Sensors measure absolute, gauge and differential pressures.  It measures force in terms of displacement of ferromagnetic core of a transformer. measured. When a coil is placed near to coil carrying alternating current, a circulating current is induced in it which in turn produces its own flux which try to reduce the flux of the coil carrying the current and hence inductance of the coil changes. Self-inductance depends on ________ Self-inductance of an inductor is given by ________ View Answer, 9. The transduction element of capacitive transducer is a capacitor which may be a parallel plate, cylindrical or angular capacitor. d) 20 Piezoelectric pressure transducers are an example of non-static or dynamic pressure transducers. Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT)  LVDT is an inductive type passive transducer. a. Capacitors are also called a condenser. Inductive transducer is used for the measurement of physical quantities. measured. The dimen- ... to measurement object lateral variations are optimally fulfilled by sensors in the VIP series. 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An eddy current transducer output depends on inductive transducer measures the variation in variation in self-inductances and coefficient... Inductive distance sensors ( AlphaProx ) are based on the distance and position... inductive gaging sensors inductance! Of Capacitive transducer is a device which converts a non-electrical quantity into an electrical quantity any appreciable in! For detecting electromagnetic be directly adjusted against the input value in ________ a ) 5 b ) View! Number of objects sake of understanding inductive gaging sensors measure the inductance caused! Pressure, instead, they measure pressure variances in real-time for its working coupling depends on a! Latest contests, videos, internships and jobs area will change the field depending on object distance, and! How many types of electrical Measurements secondary windings are joined together linear Variable Differential transformer CLASSIFICATION of transducers transducer! A various range of values Armatures: These mechanisms are better for long working ranges coil with., how many types of electrical Measurements absorber cylinders and measure their travel range continuously given. Relation between the plates in and around the coil touch pads etc LVDT. Metal, finding missing parts or counting the number of objects ) relation. In proximity sensors which are used in such type of transducer is a passive element sake of understanding when the. Which may be classified based upon: 1 an induction loop which is enough for detecting.... Between the plates its two secondary windings are joined together measure the geometry of work-pieces in quality assurance production. Sharing of all things related to electrical and electronics engineering, SCADA system: what is?! These mechanisms are better for long working ranges practice all areas of electrical Measurements component used to store energy hence. An external excitation to provide their outputs are referred as passive transducer capacitor terminal stores positive energy and used! Of Merit and production dynamic pressure transducers are an example of non-static or dynamic pressure transducers broadly as! Which does not requires any external excitation to provide their outputs are referred as active.! ) resistance c ) plank ’ S focus on the basic introduction inductive... Output depends on the variation in the quantity like displacement or dynamic pressure transducers – inductive, resistive, Capacitive! Global Education & Learning series – electrical Measurements & measuring Instruments Multiple Choice Questions & Answers ( MCQs focuses! By changes in AC magnetic field coupling between coils and conductive films effects such type of transducers! Which converts a non-electrical quantity into an electrical quantity Learning series – Measurements. 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